Footnotes

1.

The Mishnah is the collection of rabbinical legal rules compiled in the first decades of the third century A.D.

2.

The Talmud is a legal commentary on the Mishnah, in two versions, Jerusalem and Babylonian, published between the fifth and seventh centuries, often embodying older material (and often not).

Endnotes

1.

The excavation has been funded in part by the National Geographic Society.

2.

The most important have been published in Joyce M. Reynolds, Aphrodisias and Rome (London: Athlone Press, 1982).

3.

So Commodian, a third-century Christian poet, and Cyril of Alexandria, a fifth-century patriarch, who use the word theosebeis.

4.

Some of the pseudepigrapha imply the same of pagan converts to Judaism (The Sibylline Oracles 4.164, c. 80 A.D.).

5.

The Jewish inscription from Aphrodisias is being published, with extensive commentary, in Reynolds and R. F. Tannenbaum, Jews and God-fearers at Aphrodisias: Greek Inscriptions with Commentary (Cambridge, England: Proceedings of the Cambridge Philological Society Supplements, 1986).