Please join the BAS Library or become an All Access member of BAS to gain full access to this article and so much more.
Already a library member? Log in here.
Institution user? Log in with your IP address or Username
Endnotes
See the standard Bible dictionaries under “Weights and Measures”; also Roland de Vaux, Ancient Israel (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1965), pp. 196–198.
The word translated as giant in 2 Samuel 21:16, 18, 20 and 1 Chronicles 20:4, 6, 8, is rapha’ (plural: rephaim). In Deuteronomy 3:13 we are told Bashan is the land of the Rephaim, often translated as land of the giants. In Deuteronomy 3:1 “Rephaim” is also translated as giants, for example, in the King James Version. See André Caquot, “Rephaim,” Supplément au Dictionnaire de la Bible (Paris: Latouzey &: Ané 1981), fasc. 55, cols. 344–57, for opinions on the Rephaim.
According to S.R. Driver it was J.D. Michaelis who gave birth to the idea that eres here might denote a sarcophagus, rather than a bed. See Driver, Deuteronomy (International Critical Commentary; Edinburgh: Clark, 1902), p. 52.
Martin Noth, The History of Israel(London: A. and C. Black, 1958), p. 160 n. 1, Roland de Vaux, The Early History of Israel(London: Darton, Longman, Todd, 1978), p. 567.
Chicago Prism III 43. For the text in transliteration, see R. Borger, Babylonisch-Assyrische Lesestücke, 2nd ed. (Rome: Pontifical Biblical Inst., 1979), p. 75.
Sargon’s Eighth Campaign, line 388, F. Thureau-Dan, Une relation de la huitieme campagne de Sargon (Paris: Geuthner, 1912); edited by W Mayer, “Sargon’s Feldzuge gegen Urartu—714 v. Chr. Text und Ubersetzung,’ Mitteilungen der deutschen Orientgesellschaft 115 (1983), pp. 65–132. On the treasure taken, see Mayer, “Die Finanzierung einer Kampagne (TCL 3, 346–410),” Ugarit-Forschungen 11 (1979), pp. 571–599.
Vassilios Karageorghis, Excavations in the Necropalis of Salamis III (Nicosia, Cyprus: Dept. of Antiquities of Cyprus, 1973), pp. 87–97.
Traces of an iron foundry have been found in the Late Bronze Age palace at Kamid el-Loz, ancient Kamidu, at the southern end of the Beqa in Lebanon. See B. Fisch, G. Mansfeld, WR. Thiele, Kamid el-Loz 6. Die Werkstatten der spätbronzezeitlichen Paläste(Bonn: Habelt, 1985). For other evidence, see P.R.S. Moorey, Materials and Manufacture in Ancient Mesopotamia, the Evidence of Archaeology and Art (Oxford: British Archaeological Reserves ports, 1983), pp. 93–96.
See C. Zaccagnini, “KBo I 14 e il ‘Monopolio’ hittita del ferro,” Rivista degli Studi Orientale 45 (1970), pp. 11–20.
See Hans G. Guterbock, “Hittite Historiography: A Survey,” History, Historiography and Interpretation, ed. Haim Tadmor and Moshe Weinfeld Jerusalem: Magnes, 1983), pp. 22–25; E. Neu, Der Anitta-Text (Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1974).