What Did the Last Supper Really Look Like?
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Footnotes
1. Dennis E. Smith, “Dinner with Jesus & Paul,” Bible Review, August 2004.
Endnotes
1. For fuller discussion, see Matthew J. Grey, “‘Where May I Eat the Passover with My Disciples?’: Reassessing the Urban Setting, Furnished Room, and Dining Practices of Jesus’s Last Supper,” in Dennis Mizzi, Tine Rassalle, and Matthew J. Grey, eds., Pushing Sacred Boundaries in Early Judaism and the Ancient Mediterranean: Essays in Honor of Jodi Magness (Leiden: Brill, 2023), pp. 55–99.
2. Andrea M. Berlin, Gamla I: The Shmarya Gutmann Excavations, 1976–1989; The Pottery of the Second Temple Period (Jerusalem: Israel Antiquities Authority, 2006), pp. 137–138, 140, 144, 150–151; and Jodi Magness, Stone and Dung, Oil and Spit: Jewish Daily Life in the Time of Jesus (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2011), pp. 77–84.
3. G. Anthony Keddie, “Triclinium Trialectics: The Triclinium as Contested Space in Early Roman Palestine,” Harvard Theological Review 113 (2020), pp. 63–88.
4. Interestingly, early rabbinic literature contains an injunction that “even the poorest of Jews should not eat the meal on Passover night until he reclines on his left side, as free and wealthy people recline when they eat” (Mishnah Pesachim 10.1). However, this statement is likely not a description of normative practice in the Second Temple period, but is best understood as an effort by third-century sages to convince the lower classes to recline at Passover, precisely because that is not what they typically did.
5. Zvi Greenhut, “A Domestic Quarter from the Second Temple Period on the Lower Slopes of the Central Valley (Tyropoeon),” in K. Galor and G. Avni, eds., Unearthing Jerusalem (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2011), pp. 257–293.