Footnotes

1.

The World of the Phoenicians (London Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1973), p. 62.

3.

See Ze’ev Meshel, “Did Yahweh Have a Consort?” BAR 05:02; André Lemaire, “Who or What Was Yahweh’s Asherah?” BAR 10:06.

4.

The Samaritan temple at Gerizim was, of course, a schismatic exception. The Samaritans were expelled from the Jerusalem Temple in the fourth century B.C. They then built their own temple on the top of Mount Gerizim. The Samaritan settlement at this site is now being excavated by I. Magen. The residential quarter is very well preserved, but not the temple itself.

6.

See Hershel Shanks, Judaism in Stone: The Archaeology of Ancient Synagogues (Washington: Biblical Archaeology Society; New York: Harper & Row, 1979), pp. 17–20.