
A. Byzantine bell
B. Stone anchor
C. Roman pendant
D. Lead sounding weight
E. Christmas ornament
F. Pedestal
Answer: (D) Sounding weight
In the proverbial toolbox of every ancient seaman, there would have been a sounding weight among a variety of fishing gear. Sounding weights were used to find the depth of bodies of water. Usually they were made of lead and shaped like a bullet. The lead sounding weight pictured here has a cross incised on it. Found in the Mediterranean Sea, it has been dated to the sixth–seventh centuries A.D.
A sounding weight would have been tied to a rope and dropped over the edge of the ship. It was an important navigation tool since it allowed seamen to figure out their position—even when land and sky marks were not visible. The data collected from these soundings were used to map the floors of bodies of water.
Sounding weights could also determine what the sea bottom was like. By attaching sticky material (tallow) to the sounding weight—often to its base—the weight was able to bring up a sample of the sea floor, which helped seamen locate fishing grounds.
Ehud Galili, Avshalom Zemer and Baruch Rosen report that more than 94 sounding weights have been found in the Mediterranean Sea off the shore of Israel.1 These can be divided into eight different types; the one featured here belongs to the first, most common, type: the suspension lug. This type of sounding weight is usually rectangular or square and often decorated.
MLA Citation
Endnotes
Lawrence E. Stager, “Chariot Fittings from Philistine Ashkelon,” in Seymour Gitin, J. Edward Wright and J.P. Dessel, eds, Confronting the Past: Archaeological and Historical Essays on Ancient Israel in Honor of William G. Dever (Winona Lake, IN:Eisenbrauns, 2006), pp. 169–176. See also Trude Dothan and Alexandra S. Drenka, “Linchpins Revisited,” in J. David Schloen, ed., Exploring the Longue Durée: Essays in Honor of Lawrence E. Stager (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2009), pp. 97–101.