For the differences between cities and villages in the ancient Near East, see Greg Woolf, The Life and Death of Ancient Cities: A Natural History (Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 2020), pp. 3–13. For a similar discussion of sites in ancient Israel, see Avraham Faust, “Cities, Villages, and Towns, Bronze and Iron Age,” in Daniel M. Master, ed., The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Archaeology (Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 2013), pp. 203–211.