See the fascinating treatments of these issues in Mark Lilla, The Stillborn God: Religion, Politics, and the Modern West (New York: Knopf, 2007); Jonathan I. Israel, A Revolution of the Mind: Radical Enlightenment and the Intellectual Origins of Modern Democracy (Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press, 2009); and Jonathan Sheehan, The Enlightenment Bible: Translation, Scholarship, Culture (Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press, 2005).