Mary Beard, “The Sexual Status of Vestal Virgins,” Journal of Roman Studies 70 (1980), pp. 12–27. See her reconsideration of the problem, “Re-reading (Vestal) Virginity,” in Women in Antiquity, New Assessments, ed. Richard Hawley and Barbara Levick (London: Routledge, 1995), pp. 166–177.