The identity of these nations, which John labels Gog and Magog and which are also mentioned in Ezekiel 38–39, has been much debated. See esp. Ed Hindson, “Libya: A Part of Ezekiel’s Prophecy?” Fundamentalist Journal (June 1986), p. 57; and Meredith G. Kline, “Har Magedon: The End of the Millennium,” JETS 39:2 (1992), pp. 213–222.