Claude R. Conder in Warren and Conder, Survey of Western Palestine, Jerusalem (London: Palestine Exploration Fund, 1884), p. 419, and The City of Jerusalem (London: Murray, 1909), pp. 23, 184, 325, as well as Gustaf Dalman, Sacred Sites and Ways (London: S.P.C.K., 1935), prefer to identify the “Refuge of the Apostles” tomb as that of Annas himself, but the central or “Triple Gate” tomb was clearly more impressive. Furthermore, the latter tomb shows clear indications that it originally had a superstructure, while the Refuge of the Apostles had an undecorated band of bedrock above its frieze, which would preclude it from ever having had a superstructure. It could thus never have been a monument.