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A bowl inscribed in Egyptian hieratic script was found at Lachish. The inscription mentions the “year four,” probably referring to the fourth year of the reign of Ramesses III (c. 1182–1151 B.C.). The remainder of the inscription deals with a harvest tax paid to an Egyptian religious institution—more evidence that Egypt ruled much of southern Canann in the 12th century B.C.

Hieratic script is a form of ancient Egyptian writing consisting of abridged forms of hieroglyphics. The script was used by Egyptian priests in their records.