Wilson’s Arch, as it appeared during its exploration by Capt. Charles Warren of the London-based Palestine Exploration Fund in the 1860s. Warren’s method of exploration involved digging vertical shafts and then tunneling along walls; he is shown digging one such shaft at right in the painting, while a second appears at far left. Today, visitors peer down the shafts and toss coins onto the bedrock, below the level of the Herodian street.