Don A. Frey, Institute of Nautical Archaeology

At the Late Bronze Age (c. 1306 B.C.) Uluburun shipwreck, off the Turkish coast, archaeologists have found an immense cargo of metallic “oxhide” ingots weighing a total of 10 tons. A contemporaneous text from Ugarit mentions a request for 450 metric tons of barley to be sent a distance of 110 miles, in only one or two trips by a single ship.