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The inscription reads, “James, son of Joseph, brother of Jesus”; the yellow dots indicate the areas tested by Ayalon. Some of Goren and Ayalon’s key assertions about the inscription, however, have been challenged by James Harrell, an expert in ancient stone. Notably, Harrell has found that, even according to Ayalon’s data, the last letter of “Jesus” (far left) very likely contains ancient patina.