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Michael C. Luddeni

WRATHFUL DESTRUCTION. Across Tall el-Hammam, archaeologists found widespread evidence of an intense, fiery conflagration that left the Middle Bronze Age city in charred ruins. Well below the later Iron Age levels of this excavation trench are the scorched walls and floors of a Middle Bronze Age structure that was buried beneath nearly 3 feet of dark gray ash. (The ash layer is visible in the section below the red line in the photograph.) Several broken storage jars and a circular clay-lined storage bin (seen near the bottom of the photo) were found on the floor of the building.