BASALT TOWER. This photograph shows the basalt tower where the Pan mask was discovered—with Dr. Iermolin sitting on one of its corners. With 6.5-feet thick exterior walls, it served as a corner defense tower and was connected to the fortifications on Hippos’s saddle ridge. The mask was uncovered near one of the tower’s walls. It rested above a pressed earth floor, which has been dated to the first century C.E. Hippos itself is at the upper left.