© Mark R. Fairchild, Huntington University

THE NORTHERN AGORA. Laodicea had five agoras (assembly places). As an important city along a major trade route and with an extensive textile industry, the city evidently felt it needed all these agoras for doing business—although one agora functioned as a political agora or forum. Part of the impressive stoa (covered walkway, above) in Laodicea’s northern agora has been reconstructed by Celal Şimşek and his team.