Courtesy of Bild-Archiv Der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek, Wien/COD. 1179, FOL. 32A, a
These two roundels also depict the Moralized Bible’s dim view of Judaism (compare with roundel depicting two haloed apostles). The top scene accompanies a paraphrase of Exodus 15:23–25, in which the Israelites fleeing Egypt complain that they cannot drink the bitter waters of Marah. The bottom scene shows Synagogue tempting a group of scholars to pursue secular studies instead of spiritual ones; her scroll reads, “Synagoge lex amara designa” (Synagogue signifies the bitter law).