Footnotes

1. Tony Burke, “‘Lost Gospels’—Lost No More,BAR 42:05.

2.
Ronald F. Hock and David R. Cartlidge, “The Favored One,Bible Review 17:03.

3. Stephen Goranson, “7 vs 8,Bible Review 12:04.

4. David R. Cartlidge, “How Can This Be?Bible Review 18:06; Robert J. Miller, “The Gospels That Didn’t Make the Cut,Bible Review 09:04.

5. Robin M. Jensen, “Witnessing the Divine,Bible Review 17:06.

6. Stephen J. Patterson, “The Oxyrhynchus Papyri,BAR 37:02.

7. Tom McCollough, “Searching for Cana: Where Jesus Turned Water into Wine,BAR 41:06.

Endnotes

1. Lawrence Schiffman, a well-known Qumran and Jewish Studies scholar, recently alluded to this “gap” in explaining why the fields of Christianity and New Testament studies are “essential for the study of ancient Judaism …[E]arly Christian writings have enormous amounts of information for Jewish historical research. Much of what we know, for example, about Jews in Asia Minor and the Greek Isles in the first century C.E. derives from the Pauline Epistles.” See Elliot Resnick, “On the Bookshelf,” The Jewish Press.com, September 9, 2016 (www.jewishpress.com/indepth/interviews-and-profiles/on-the-bookshelf-15/2016/09/09/).

2. Michael Peppard, The World’s Oldest Church: Bible, Art, and Ritual at Dura-Europos, Syria (New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, 2016).

3. For the Adelphia Sarcophagus (Paolo Orsi Regional Archaeological Museum, Syracuse, Sicily), see www.regione.sicilia.it/beniculturali/museopaoloorsi/museo/sarcofagodiadelfiaENG.htm.

4. The Syriac title was Ewangeliyôn Damhalltê (Mixed Gospel). Scholars cannot determine whether the “original” Diatessaron was composed in Greek or Syriac. The fragment from Dura is Greek.

5. Dura Parchment 24; Yale University.

6. Anecdote in Robin Cormack, “Rediscovering Christ the Pantocrator at Daphni,” Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 71 (2008), p. 58.

7. Geri Parlby, “The Origins of Marian Art in the Catacombs and the Problems of Identification,” in Chris Maunder, ed., Origins of the Cult of the Virgin Mary (London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2008), pp. 41–56.

8. The travel website Atlas Obscura calls Oxyrhynchus the “world’s most literate trash heap” (www.atlasobscura.com/articles/oxyrhynchus-ancient-egypts-most-literate-trash-heap).

9. Ramsay MacMullen, The Second Church: Popular Christianity A.D. 200–400, Writings from the Greco-Roman World Supplement Series 1 (Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2009).

10. Stephen J. Shoemaker, Mary in Early Christian Faith and Devotion (New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, 2016).

11. AnneMarie Luijendijk, “A Gospel Amulet for Joannia (P.Oxy. VIII 1151),” in Kimberly B. Stratton and Dayna S. Kalleres, eds., Daughters of Hecate: Women and Magic in the Ancient World (Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 2014), pp. 418–443.

12. Luijendijk, “A Gospel Amulet,” p. 420.

13. Church of San Ambrogio, Milan.

14. Byzantine Museum Athens BXM 312.