Footnotes

1.

Trude Dothan and Moshe Dothan, People of the Sea (New York Macmillan, 1992). See review by Jane Waldbaum in Books in Brief, BAR 19:03, and “1993 BAS Publication Awards,” in this issue.

2.

For more on Ekron, see Trude Dothan and Seymour Gitin,“Ekron of the Philistines,” BAR 16:01 and “Part II,” BAR 16:02. For the Philistines in general see Trude Dothan, “What We Know About the Philistines,” BAR 08:04.

5.

“And six hundred men of the tribe of Dan, armed with weapons of war set forth from Zorah and Eshtaol, and went up and encamped at Kiriathjearim in Judah . … the Danites came to Laish, to a people quiet and unsuspecting, and smote them with the edge of the sword, and burned the city with fire. And there was no deliverer because it was far from Sidon, and they had no dealings with any one … And they rebuilt the city, and dwelt in it. And they named the City Dan, after the name of Dan their ancestor” (Judges 18:11–12, 27–29).

6.

“And Joshua came at that time, and wiped out the A’lakim from the hill country, from Hebron, from Debir, Eom Anab, and from all the hill country of Judah, and from all the hill country of Israel; Joshua utterly destroyed them with their cities. There was none of the Anakim left in the land of the people of Israel; only in Gaza, in Gath and in Ashdod, did some remain” (Joshua 11:21–22).

7.

See Robert R. Stieglitz, “Did the Philistines Write?” BAR 08:04.

9.

Now there was no smith to be found throughout all the land of Israel; for the Philistines said, ‘Lest the Hebrews make themselves swords or spears’; but every one of the Israelites went down to the Philistines to sharpen his plowshare, his mattock, his axe or his sickle; and the charge was a pim for the plowshares and for the mattocks, and a third of a shekel for sharpening the axes and for setting the goads” (I Samuel 13:19–21).

10.

Jane Waldbaum, “From Bronze to Iron,” Studies in Mediterranean Archaeology, (Goteborg. Sweden: 1978), vol. 54, and Waldbaum, “Copper, Iron, Tin, Wood: The Start of the Iron Age in the Eastern Mediterranean,” Archaeomaterials, vol. 3, no. 2 (Summer 1989), pp. 111–122.